Cancer starts when cells that are present in the body begin to grow out of control that is forms group of cells. Cells present in nearly any part of the body can become cancerous in nature and can spread to other parts of the body and affect it also cancerous cells forms tumors. Anal cancer is the type of the cancer which starts in the anus area of the human. The anus is found to be present in the opening at the lower end of the intestines. It's where the end of the intestines takes place and which also connect to the outside of the body. Anal cancer is found to be an uncommon type of cancer that occurs in the anal canal.  Anal cancer can cause many type of signs and symptoms such as rectal bleeding and anal pain.

Most people with anal cancer are treated with a combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy as one of the treatment methods. Though combining anal cancer treatments increases the chance of a cure along with it the combined treatments also increase the risk of side effects in the individual also chemotherapy includes the use of the drugs so in this case for drugs and related medications you may contact the cancer medicine provider in India.

Anal cancers are often found to be divided into basically 2 groups which are sometimes treated differently that is treatment techniques can be different:

Cancers of the anal canal which is found to be present above the anal verge

Cancers of the anal margin which is found to be present below the anal verge

Causes of the anal cancer :

Anal cancer forms when there occurs genetic mutation which turns normal and healthy cells into abnormal cells that becomes cancerous in nature. Healthy cells grow and multiply at a set rate along with it eventually dying at a set and defined time. Abnormal cells grow and multiply out of control that is forms mass of cells which are not needed and they don't die also. The accumulation of the abnormal cells form a mass of the cells in particular area which is termed as tumor. Cancer cells has capacity to invade nearby tissues and can separate from an initial tumor to spread elsewhere in the body and affect other places also, so this condition is termed as metastasize.

Anal cancer is found to be closely related to a sexually transmitted infection which is commonly termed as human papillomavirus and in short it is termed as HPV. It is reported that evidence of HPV is detected in the majority type of the anal cancers. HPV is thought to be the most common cause of anal cancers through the sexual contact.

Symptoms of the anal cancer :

Rectal bleeding

Rectal itching

Occurrence of lump and mass at the anal opening

Pain and also a feeling of fullness in the anal area

Narrowing of stool along with the other changes in bowel movements

Abnormal discharge from the anus

Swollen lymph nodes in the anal and also groin areas

So above are the some of the symptoms of the anal cancer, so that if anyone pursue any type of the symptoms then they can contact their doctor regarding it.

Diagnosis of the anal cancer :

First thing is observing the anal and rectum so that we can know the abnormalities for its diagnosis.

Second thing is visually inspecting the anal and the rectum through the use of the short and lighted tube.

Third thing is taking sound waves pictures in detecting the anal cancer, this occurs through the insertion of probe into the anal and rectum. Here the probe that is used emits the high energy sound waves.

Fourth thing is performing biopsy where the sample tissue is taken from the affected area and then it is observed under the microscopy.

Treatment of the anal cancer :

First thing is surgery. Now here if person has anal cancer in the early stage then in this case surgery is done to remove it and if the person’s cancer has not responded to combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy then surgery is done which is termed as abdominoperineal resection.

Second thing is immunotherapy where there occurs the use of drugs which will your immune system to fight against the cancerous cells.

Third thing is combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy in which chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill the cancer cell while radiation therapy involves the use of high energy beam sources such as X-rays, etc. to kill the cancer cells. As in chemotherapy the use of drugs occurs so in that case for drugs and related medications you may contact cancer medicine supplier in India.

Conclusion : So here were the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the anal cancer. The symptoms of the anal cancer are rectal bleeding, rectal itching, abnormal discharge from the anus, etc., so that anyone can experience any type of the symptoms then they can contact their doctor for the diagnosis step and then to the treatment step. So stay healthy and stay safe.