The glyoxalase system is a set of enzymes that carry out the detoxification of methylglyoxal and the other reactive aldehydes that are produced as a normal part of metabolism. This system has been studied in both bacteria and eukaryotes. This detoxification is accomplished by the sequential action of two thiol-dependent enzymes; firstly glyoxalase І, which catalyzes the isomerization of the spontaneously formed hemithioacetal adduct between glutathione and 2-oxoaldehydes (such as methylglyoxal) into S-2-hydroxyacylglutathione. Secondly, glyoxalase ІІ hydrolyses these thiolesters and in the case of methylglyoxal catabolism, produces D-lactate and GSH from S-D-lactoyl-glutathione. This system shows many of the typical features of the enzymes that dispose of endogenous toxins. Firstly, in contrast to the amazing substrate range of many of the enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism, it shows a narrow substrate specificity. Here you have one example of these enzymes, represented by the crystal structure of a specialized glyoxalase from Gossypium hirsutum (PDB code: 7VQ6)
#molecularart ... #immolecular ... #glyoxalase ... #detoxification ... #gossypium ... #xray
Structure of the glyoxalase rendered with @proteinimaging and depicted with @corelphotopaint
#molecularart ... #immolecular ... #glyoxalase ... #detoxification ... #gossypium ... #xray
Structure of the glyoxalase rendered with @proteinimaging and depicted with @corelphotopaint
